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2024 年 4 月高等教育自學考試
外刊經貿知識選讀試題
課程代碼 :00096
1. 請考生按規定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫在答題紙上。
2. 答題前 ,考生務必將自己的考試課程名稱、姓名、準考證號用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆 填寫在答題紙規定的位置上。
選擇題部分
注意事項 :
每小題選出答案后 ,用 2B 鉛筆把答題紙上對應題目的答案標號涂黑 。如需改動 ,用橡皮 擦干凈后 ,再選涂其他答案標號 。不能答在試題卷上。
一、單項選擇題 :本大題共 15 小題 ,每小題 2 分 ,共 30 分。
在每小題列出的四個備選項中只有一個可以替代句中劃線的單詞或詞組 ,請將其選出并將 答題卡( 紙) 的相應代碼涂黑。錯涂、多涂或未涂均無分。
1. Economic problems were exacerbated by three bad harvests ( 1959- 1961 ) with the result that national income and the volume of foreign trade contracted during 1960- 1962.
A. increased B. reduced C. expanded D. enlarged
2. But every provincial capital is doing its best to attract foreign investment.
A. draw in B. repel C. exclude D. destroy
3. After a slowdown through 1990 , China,s economy bounced back mightily , reaching a recent peak of 13 per cent growth last year.
A. shrank B. rebounded C. dropped D. drew back
4. Aggregate output for developing countries advanced by slightly less than 2 per cent during 1991 , implying an easing in per capita income of 0. 1 per cent.
A. stagnated B. fell C. stopped D. grew
5. The opening themes of the new administration,s trade policies emerged this week.
A. ideas B. men C. studies D. numbers
6. Europeans will wake up new year,s day with the same 10 per cent unemployment and doubts about European unity.
A. questions B. be certain C. trusts D. believes
7. Japan,s government is deeply opposed to what America,s trade representative , Mickey Kantor , has called a new policy geared to“ quantifiable results ”for some products.
A. generally B. averagely C. suddenly D. very
8. Our future lies in becoming a truly global company.
A. trustily B. artificially C. falsely D. really
9. It involves a $ 1350 million onshore gas project.
A. contains B. excludes C. overcomes D. removes
10. As a result the world is now close to concluding the Uruguay round of GATT talks.
A. disputes B. problems C. negotiations D. fights
11. Over five years some 200 Swiss companies benefited from Northrop,s assistance.
A. suffered B. injured C. damaged D. profited
12. If these products live up to their early performance in test markets-a big if-they could produce $3 billion a year in retail sales.
A. resist B. reject C. short of D. fulfill
13. Each consumer in Hong Kong eats an average of 215 fresh eggs each year.
A. newly produced B. preserved C. dyed D. rotten
14. One key commodity , sugar , has recovered.
A. goods B. sweet C. service D. price
15. Sterling,s decline lent some support to the base metal sector.
A. beat B. borrowed C. gave D. failed
二、判斷題 :本大題共 10 小題 ,每小題 2 分 ,共 20 分。
判斷下列各題 ,在答題卡( 紙) 相應位置正確的涂“A”,錯誤的涂“B”。
Passage 1
The Curtain Goes up
The central government,s determination to raise the level of industrial technology is clearly behind the decision to open the 14 coastal cities. In addition , China is now ready to spend US $14. 2 billion of its foreign-exchange reserves ( which stood at US $ 16. 5 billion in June 1984) to buy foreign technology. The Bank of China has also said that new and more flexible loan policies will enable“ thousands ”of domestic enterprises to borrow foreign exchange to import equipment and repay in Renminbi.
The need to upgrade industrial equipment is great: official figures show that in 1980 , 20% of
China,s capital stock was already 10-20 years behind that of the West. Another 20% —while technologically backward—worked well , but the remaining 60% should have been scrapped or renovated. The combined industrial output of the 15 coastal areas is reportedly equal to a quarter of the nations total.
But while the reasons for throwing 19 areas and cities open to foreign investment and technology transfer are clear , how the preferential systems will operate is not.
16. China is trying to improve the industrial technology.
17. The open policy is only for the inland 14 cities.
18. China will buy technology with its foreign-exchange.
19. Domestic companies are ready to buy equipment with loan from foreign banks.
20. China has a huge demand for upgrading industrial equipment.
Passage 2
The Economic Scene: A Global Perspective
In the commodity market , prices of all major categories declined in 1991. The index of nonoil primary commodity prices in nominal dollar terms decline for the third consecutive year , and the index in real terms hit an all-time low. Growth in the volume of world trade in constant dollar terms declined from 5 per cent in 1990 to 3 per cent in 1991 , mainly the result of the slowdown in industrial countries import demand. There were no breakthroughs in the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations on key elements , and the outcome remains in doubt.
In matters relating to the environment , the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development , held in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro , produced an“ Earth Charter , ”or declaration of basic principles for the conduct of nations and peoples with respect to environment and development; agreements on specific legal measures , including conventions on climate change and biodiversity , and principles for a framework agreement on forests; and an agenda for action , establishing the environmental work program agreed by the international community for the period beyond 1992 and into the 21st century.
21. The prices of main goods did not change in 1991.
22. Nonoil primary commodity prices were at historical low.
23. Growth in the volume of world trade was 5% in 1990.
24. The“ Earth Charter ”is related to the environment.
25. The environmental work program agreed by the international community was only for the period of 1990s.
非選擇題部分
注意事項 :
用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題紙上 ,不能答在試題卷上。
三、將下列中文詞組譯成英文 :本大題共 10 小題 ,每小題 1 分 ,共 10 分。
26. 海關稅
27. 利潤匯款
28. 進口關稅
29. 多樣化
30. 政府采購
31. 歐洲共同體
32. 傾銷
33. 復出口
34. 可兌換貨幣
35. 試銷市場
四、將下列英語單詞或詞組譯成中文 :本大題共 10 小題 ,每小題 1 分 ,共 10 分。
36. balance of payments
37. state councilor
38. dump truck
39. tax-cut-induced boom
40. impose against
41. staff writer
42. bankruptcy
43. Gulf region
44. fast food shops
45. discount rate
五、簡答題 :本大題共 6 小題 ,每小題 3 分 ,共 18 分。
Passage 1
French farmers are violently opposed to the reform of the common agricultural policy that Europe,s governments agreed to last May. In certain respects , the farmers claim , the GATT deal now in prospect would take that reform further , damaging their interests even more.
If it is a small matter to France,s farmers that the Uruguay round should fail , so long as they keep their subsidies , that is understandable. What is shameful is that their government appears to agree with them , even though most of the French economy would gain handsomely from a successful round. Jean-Pierre Soisson , the farm minister , has said France may block the EC,s acceptance of a new farm-trade deal , and thereby wreck the round. This position is politically alarming as well as economically indefensible. Other EC governments must see off France , and start hailing a gain for liberal trade.
46. Why are the French farmers against the reform?
47. What is the meaning of“so long as”?
48. What does“ see off”mean?
Passage 2
What is more , currency movements over the past year have unexpectedly made matters worse for many producers. In the first half of the 1980s , it was conventional wisdom to say that the exceptional strength of the dollar was partly responsible for—and helped to offset—the increasing weakness of dollar-denominated commodity prices. All other things being equal , so the argument went , a subsequent fall in the dollar might be expected to give a compensating boost to dollar commodity prices.
But now the dollar has fallen , and the very reverse has happened : commodity prices have continued to tumble from the peak they reached in the second quarter of 1984. To many developing countries , the trend is deeply worrying as well as bewildering—the terms of trade have worsened dramatically for them. For the industrialized world , by contrast , the drop in commodity prices has been a real boon in the fight against inflation.
49. Who suffered from the currency movements over the past year?
50. How did commodity prices actually change after the decline of the US dollar?
51. How do the industrialized countries benefit from the dollar-fallen?
六、翻譯題 :本大題 12 分。
52. When Japanese demand picks up again , imports will grow more quickly than in past recoveries. This is because the volume of Japanese imports has become more sensitive to the domestic economic cycle.
Parts and components account for a growing share of Japan,s exports; 28% of total exports and 36% of machinery exports in 1992 compared with 19% and 28% respectively in 1981. MITI believes that such exports should be of less concern to advocates of managed trade than consumer goods , because components increase the competitiveness—and therefore the export potential—of the industries that buy them.
From now on , MITI argues , Japan,s overseas plants will increasingly export their output back to Japan. Before , they bought Japanese exports of equipment and parts.
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